The Zhuangzi is the second foundational text of Daoism and it is written out of the first. It quotes the Daodejing, argues with it, and puts Laozi on stage as a character more than twenty times. What it inherits is the core position: that the Way cannot be named without being falsified, that deliberate effort is usually the problem, and that the useless outlives the useful. What it adds is method. The Daodejing states in aphorisms; the Zhuangzi argues in stories, jokes and dialogues between cooks, butchers, cripples and trees, which is why it became the literary source of the tradition while the earlier book stayed its scripture.